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CVE Vendors Products Updated CVSS v3.1
CVE-2026-52975 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 7.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bonding: 3ad: implement proper RCU rules for port->aggregator syzbot found a data-race in bond_3ad_get_active_agg_info / bond_3ad_state_machine_handler [1] which hints at lack of proper RCU implementation. Add __rcu qualifier to port->aggregator, and add proper RCU API. [1] BUG: KCSAN: data-race in bond_3ad_get_active_agg_info / bond_3ad_state_machine_handler write to 0xffff88813cf5c4b0 of 8 bytes by task 36 on cpu 0: ad_port_selection_logic drivers/net/bonding/bond_3ad.c:1659 [inline] bond_3ad_state_machine_handler+0x9d5/0x2d60 drivers/net/bonding/bond_3ad.c:2569 process_one_work kernel/workqueue.c:3302 [inline] process_scheduled_works+0x4f0/0x9c0 kernel/workqueue.c:3385 worker_thread+0x58a/0x780 kernel/workqueue.c:3466 kthread+0x22a/0x280 kernel/kthread.c:436 ret_from_fork+0x146/0x330 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245 read to 0xffff88813cf5c4b0 of 8 bytes by task 22063 on cpu 1: __bond_3ad_get_active_agg_info drivers/net/bonding/bond_3ad.c:2858 [inline] bond_3ad_get_active_agg_info+0x8c/0x230 drivers/net/bonding/bond_3ad.c:2881 bond_fill_info+0xe0f/0x10f0 drivers/net/bonding/bond_netlink.c:853 rtnl_link_info_fill net/core/rtnetlink.c:906 [inline] rtnl_link_fill+0x1d7/0x4e0 net/core/rtnetlink.c:927 rtnl_fill_ifinfo+0xf8e/0x1380 net/core/rtnetlink.c:2168 rtmsg_ifinfo_build_skb+0x11c/0x1b0 net/core/rtnetlink.c:4453 rtmsg_ifinfo_event net/core/rtnetlink.c:4486 [inline] rtmsg_ifinfo+0x6d/0x110 net/core/rtnetlink.c:4495 __dev_notify_flags+0x76/0x390 net/core/dev.c:9790 netif_change_flags+0xac/0xd0 net/core/dev.c:9823 do_setlink+0x905/0x2950 net/core/rtnetlink.c:3180 rtnl_group_changelink net/core/rtnetlink.c:3813 [inline] __rtnl_newlink net/core/rtnetlink.c:3981 [inline] rtnl_newlink+0xf55/0x1400 net/core/rtnetlink.c:4109 rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x64b/0x720 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6995 netlink_rcv_skb+0x123/0x220 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2550 rtnetlink_rcv+0x1c/0x30 net/core/rtnetlink.c:7022 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1318 [inline] netlink_unicast+0x5a8/0x680 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1344 netlink_sendmsg+0x5c8/0x6f0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1894 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:787 [inline] __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:802 [inline] ____sys_sendmsg+0x563/0x5b0 net/socket.c:2698 ___sys_sendmsg+0x195/0x1e0 net/socket.c:2752 __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2784 [inline] __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2789 [inline] __se_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2787 [inline] __x64_sys_sendmsg+0xd4/0x160 net/socket.c:2787 x64_sys_call+0x194c/0x3020 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:47 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x12c/0x3b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f value changed: 0x0000000000000000 -> 0xffff88813cf5c400 Reported by Kernel Concurrency Sanitizer on: CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 22063 Comm: syz.0.31122 Tainted: G W syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Tainted: [W]=WARN Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 04/18/2026
CVE-2026-52960 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 7.5 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ceph: put folios not suitable for writeback The batch holds references to the folios (see `filemap_get_folios`, `folio_batch_release`), so we need to `folio_put` the folios we remove. Tested on v6.18.
CVE-2026-52945 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 7.5 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Revert "wireguard: device: enable threaded NAPI" This reverts commit 933466fc50a8e4eb167acbd0d8ec96a078462e9c which is commit db9ae3b6b43c79b1ba87eea849fd65efa05b4b2e upstream. We have had three independent production user reports in combination with Cilium utilizing WireGuard as encryption underneath that k8s Pod E/W traffic to certain peer nodes fully stalled. The situation appears as follows: - Occurs very rarely but at random times under heavy networking load. - Once the issue triggers the decryption side stops working completely for that WireGuard peer, other peers keep working fine. The stall happens also for newly initiated connections towards that particular WireGuard peer. - Only the decryption side is affected, never the encryption side. - Once it triggers, it never recovers and remains in this state, the CPU/mem on that node looks normal, no leak, busy loop or crash. - bpftrace on the affected system shows that wg_prev_queue_enqueue fails, thus the MAX_QUEUED_PACKETS (1024 skbs!) for the peer's rx_queue is reached. - Also, bpftrace shows that wg_packet_rx_poll for that peer is never called again after reaching this state for that peer. For other peers wg_packet_rx_poll does get called normally. - Commit db9ae3b ("wireguard: device: enable threaded NAPI") switched WireGuard to threaded NAPI by default. The default has not been changed for triggering the issue, neither did CPU hotplugging occur (i.e. 5bd8de2 ("wireguard: queueing: always return valid online CPU in wg_cpumask_choose_online()")). - The issue has been observed with stable kernels of v5.15 as well as v6.1. It was reported to us that v5.10 stable is working fine, and no report on v6.6 stable either (somewhat related discussion in [0] though). - In the WireGuard driver the only material difference between v5.10 stable and v5.15 stable is the switch to threaded NAPI by default. [0] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/CA+wXwBTT74RErDGAnj98PqS=wvdh8eM1pi4q6tTdExtjnokKqA@mail.gmail.com/ Breakdown of the problem: 1) skbs arriving for decryption are enqueued to the peer->rx_queue in wg_packet_consume_data via wg_queue_enqueue_per_device_and_peer. 2) The latter only moves the skb into the MPSC peer queue if it does not surpass MAX_QUEUED_PACKETS (1024) which is kept track in an atomic counter via wg_prev_queue_enqueue. 3) In case enqueueing was successful, the skb is also queued up in the device queue, round-robin picks a next online CPU, and schedules the decryption worker. 4) The wg_packet_decrypt_worker, once scheduled, picks these up from the queue, decrypts the packets and once done calls into wg_queue_enqueue_per_peer_rx. 5) The latter updates the state to PACKET_STATE_CRYPTED on success and calls napi_schedule on the per peer->napi instance. 6) NAPI then polls via wg_packet_rx_poll. wg_prev_queue_peek checks on the peer->rx_queue. It will wg_prev_queue_dequeue if the queue->peeked skb was not cached yet, or just return the latter otherwise. (wg_prev_queue_drop_peeked later clears the cache.) 7) From an ordering perspective, the peer->rx_queue has skbs in order while the device queue with the per-CPU worker threads from a global ordering PoV can finish the decryption and signal the skb PACKET_STATE_CRYPTED out of order. 8) A situation can be observed that the first packet coming in will be stuck waiting for the decryption worker to be scheduled for a longer time when the system is under pressure. 9) While this is the case, the other CPUs in the meantime finish decryption and call into napi_schedule. 10) Now in wg_packet_rx_poll it picks up the first in-order skb from the peer->rx_queue and sees that its state is still PACKET_STATE_UNCRYPTED. The NAPI poll routine then exits e ---truncated---
CVE-2026-52931 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 9.8 Critical
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: batman-adv: tp_meter: avoid use of uninit sender vars batadv_tp_recv_ack() and batadv_tp_stop() are only valid for tp_vars in the BATADV_TP_SENDER role. When called with a BATADV_TP_RECEIVER role, it proceeds to read sender-only members that were never initialized, leading to undefined behavior. This can be triggered when a node that is currently acting as a receiver in an ongoing tp_meter session receives a malicious ACK packet. Guard against this by checking tp_vars->role immediately after the lookup and bailing out if it is not BATADV_TP_SENDER, before any of those members are accessed.
CVE-2026-52920 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 8.3 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: xt_policy: fix strict mode inbound policy matching match_policy_in() walks sec_path entries from the last transform to the first one, but strict policy matching needs to consume info->pol[] in the same forward order as the rule layout. Derive the strict-match policy position from the number of transforms already consumed so that multi-element inbound rules are matched consistently.
CVE-2026-52918 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 8.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: serialize accept_q access bt_sock_poll() walks the accept queue without synchronization, while child teardown can unlink the same socket and drop its last reference. The unsynchronized accept queue walk has existed since the initial Bluetooth import. Protect accept_q with a dedicated lock for queue updates and polling. Also rework bt_accept_dequeue() to take temporary child references under the queue lock before dropping it and locking the child socket.
CVE-2026-52908 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 7.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA: During rereg_mr ensure that REREG_ACCESS is compatible If IB_MR_REREG_ACCESS changes from RO to RW then the umem has to be re-evaluated to ensure it is properly pinned as RW. Since the umem is hidden inside each driver's mr struct add a ib_umem_check_rereg() function that each driver has to call before processing IB_MR_REREG_ACCESS. mlx4 has to retain its duplicate ib_access_writable check because it implements IB_MR_REREG_ACCESS | IB_MR_REREG_TRANS by changing both items in place sequentially while the MR is live, so it will continue to not support this combination.
CVE-2026-46327 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 7.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm: fix unlocked test for dm_suspended_md The function dm_blk_report_zones tests if the device is suspended with the "dm_suspended_md" call. However, this function is called without holding any locks, so the device may be suspended just after it. Move the call to dm_suspended_md after dm_get_live_table, so that the device can't be suspended after the suspended state was tested.
CVE-2026-46317 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 8.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: arm64: Reassign nested_mmus array behind mmu_lock kvm->arch.nested_mmus[] is walked under kvm->mmu_lock, including from the MMU notifier path (kvm_unmap_gfn_range() -> kvm_nested_s2_unmap()), which can run at any time. kvm_vcpu_init_nested() reallocates the array and frees the old buffer while holding only kvm->arch.config_lock, so such a walker can reference the freed array. Allocate the new array outside of mmu_lock, as the allocation can sleep. Under the lock, copy the existing entries, fix up the back pointers and reassign the array. Free the old buffer after dropping the lock, as kvfree() can sleep as well.
CVE-2026-46311 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 7.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amdgpu/userq: fix access to stale wptr mapping Use drm_exec to take both locks i.e vm root bo and wptr_obj bo to access the mapping data properly. This fixes the security issue of unmap the wptr_obj while a queue creation is in progress and passing other bo at same address. (cherry picked from commit 1fc6c8ab45dbee096469c08c13f6099d57a52d6c)
CVE-2026-46306 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 7.5 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: flow_dissector: do not dissect PPPoE PFC frames RFC 2516 Section 7 states that Protocol Field Compression (PFC) is NOT RECOMMENDED for PPPoE. In practice, pppd does not support negotiating PFC for PPPoE sessions, and the flow dissector driver has assumed an uncompressed frame until the blamed commit. During the review process of that commit [1], support for PFC is suggested. However, having a compressed (1-byte) protocol field means the subsequent PPP payload is shifted by one byte, causing 4-byte misalignment for the network header and an unaligned access exception on some architectures. The exception can be reproduced by sending a PPPoE PFC frame to an ethernet interface of a MIPS board, with RPS enabled, even if no PPPoE session is active on that interface: $ 0 : 00000000 80c40000 00000000 85144817 $ 4 : 00000008 00000100 80a75758 81dc9bb8 $ 8 : 00000010 8087ae2c 0000003d 00000000 $12 : 000000e0 00000039 00000000 00000000 $16 : 85043240 80a75758 81dc9bb8 00006488 $20 : 0000002f 00000007 85144810 80a70000 $24 : 81d1bda0 00000000 $28 : 81dc8000 81dc9aa8 00000000 805ead08 Hi : 00009d51 Lo : 2163358a epc : 805e91f0 __skb_flow_dissect+0x1b0/0x1b50 ra : 805ead08 __skb_get_hash_net+0x74/0x12c Status: 11000403 KERNEL EXL IE Cause : 40800010 (ExcCode 04) BadVA : 85144817 PrId : 0001992f (MIPS 1004Kc) Call Trace: [<805e91f0>] __skb_flow_dissect+0x1b0/0x1b50 [<805ead08>] __skb_get_hash_net+0x74/0x12c [<805ef330>] get_rps_cpu+0x1b8/0x3fc [<805fca70>] netif_receive_skb_list_internal+0x324/0x364 [<805fd120>] napi_complete_done+0x68/0x2a4 [<8058de5c>] mtk_napi_rx+0x228/0xfec [<805fd398>] __napi_poll+0x3c/0x1c4 [<805fd754>] napi_threaded_poll_loop+0x234/0x29c [<805fd848>] napi_threaded_poll+0x8c/0xb0 [<80053544>] kthread+0x104/0x12c [<80002bd8>] ret_from_kernel_thread+0x14/0x1c Code: 02d51821 1060045b 00000000 <8c640000> 3084000f 2c820005 144001a2 00042080 8e220000 To reduce the attack surface and maintain performance, do not process PPPoE PFC frames. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220630231016.GA392@debian.home
CVE-2026-46304 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 7.5 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvmet: avoid recursive nvmet-wq flush in nvmet_ctrl_free nvmet_tcp_release_queue_work() runs on nvmet-wq and can drop the final controller reference through nvmet_cq_put(). If that triggers nvmet_ctrl_free(), the teardown path flushes ctrl->async_event_work on the same nvmet-wq. Call chain: nvmet_tcp_schedule_release_queue() kref_put(&queue->kref, nvmet_tcp_release_queue) nvmet_tcp_release_queue() queue_work(nvmet_wq, &queue->release_work) <--- nvmet_wq process_one_work() nvmet_tcp_release_queue_work() nvmet_cq_put(&queue->nvme_cq) nvmet_cq_destroy() nvmet_ctrl_put(cq->ctrl) nvmet_ctrl_free() flush_work(&ctrl->async_event_work) <--- nvmet_wq Previously Scheduled by :- nvmet_add_async_event queue_work(nvmet_wq, &ctrl->async_event_work); This trips lockdep with a possible recursive locking warning. [ 5223.015876] run blktests nvme/003 at 2026-04-07 20:53:55 [ 5223.061801] loop0: detected capacity change from 0 to 2097152 [ 5223.072206] nvmet: adding nsid 1 to subsystem blktests-subsystem-1 [ 5223.088368] nvmet_tcp: enabling port 0 (127.0.0.1:4420) [ 5223.126086] nvmet: Created discovery controller 1 for subsystem nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress.discovery for NQN nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress:uuid:0f01fb42-9f7f-4856-b0b3-51e60b8de349. [ 5223.128453] nvme nvme1: new ctrl: NQN "nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress.discovery", addr 127.0.0.1:4420, hostnqn: nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress:uuid:0f01fb42-9f7f-4856-b0b3-51e60b8de349 [ 5233.199447] nvme nvme1: Removing ctrl: NQN "nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress.discovery" [ 5233.227718] ============================================ [ 5233.231283] WARNING: possible recursive locking detected [ 5233.234696] 7.0.0-rc3nvme+ #20 Tainted: G O N [ 5233.238434] -------------------------------------------- [ 5233.241852] kworker/u192:6/2413 is trying to acquire lock: [ 5233.245429] ffff888111632548 ((wq_completion)nvmet-wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90 [ 5233.251438] but task is already holding lock: [ 5233.255254] ffff888111632548 ((wq_completion)nvmet-wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x5cc/0x6e0 [ 5233.261125] other info that might help us debug this: [ 5233.265333] Possible unsafe locking scenario: [ 5233.269217] CPU0 [ 5233.270795] ---- [ 5233.272436] lock((wq_completion)nvmet-wq); [ 5233.275241] lock((wq_completion)nvmet-wq); [ 5233.278020] *** DEADLOCK *** [ 5233.281793] May be due to missing lock nesting notation [ 5233.286195] 3 locks held by kworker/u192:6/2413: [ 5233.289192] #0: ffff888111632548 ((wq_completion)nvmet-wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x5cc/0x6e0 [ 5233.294569] #1: ffffc9000e2a7e40 ((work_completion)(&queue->release_work)){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x1c5/0x6e0 [ 5233.300128] #2: ffffffff82d7dc40 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: __flush_work+0x62/0x530 [ 5233.304290] stack backtrace: [ 5233.306520] CPU: 4 UID: 0 PID: 2413 Comm: kworker/u192:6 Tainted: G O N 7.0.0-rc3nvme+ #20 PREEMPT(full) [ 5233.306524] Tainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE, [N]=TEST [ 5233.306525] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.17.0-0-gb52ca86e094d-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 [ 5233.306527] Workqueue: nvmet-wq nvmet_tcp_release_queue_work [nvmet_tcp] [ 5233.306532] Call Trace: [ 5233.306534] <TASK> [ 5233.306536] dump_stack_lvl+0x73/0xb0 [ 5233.306552] print_deadlock_bug+0x225/0x2f0 [ 5233.306556] __lock_acquire+0x13f0/0x2290 [ 5233.306563] lock_acquire+0xd0/0x300 [ 5233.306565] ? touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90 [ 5233.306571] ? __flush_work+0x20b/0x530 [ 5233.306573] ? touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90 [ 5233.306577] touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x3b/0x90 [ 5233.306580] ? touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90 [ 52 ---truncated---
CVE-2026-46271 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 7.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: ath12k: do WoW offloads only on primary link In case of multi-link connection, WCN7850 firmware crashes due to WoW offloads enabled on both primary and secondary links. Change to do it only on primary link to fix it. Tested-on: WCN7850 hw2.0 PCI WLAN.HMT.1.1.c5-00284-QCAHMTSWPL_V1.0_V2.0_SILICONZ-1
CVE-2026-46259 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 7.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: procfs: fix missing RCU protection when reading real_parent in do_task_stat() When reading /proc/[pid]/stat, do_task_stat() accesses task->real_parent without proper RCU protection, which leads to: cpu 0 cpu 1 ----- ----- do_task_stat var = task->real_parent release_task call_rcu(delayed_put_task_struct) task_tgid_nr_ns(var) rcu_read_lock <--- Too late to protect task->real_parent! task_pid_ptr <--- UAF! rcu_read_unlock This patch uses task_ppid_nr_ns() instead of task_tgid_nr_ns() to add proper RCU protection for accessing task->real_parent.
CVE-2026-46244 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 9.1 Critical
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nft_inner: Fix IPv6 inner_thoff desync In nft_inner_parse_l2l3(), when processing inner IPv6 packets, ipv6_find_hdr() correctly computes the transport header offset traversing all extension headers, but the result is immediately overwritten with nhoff + sizeof(_ip6h) (40 bytes), which only accounts for the IPv6 base header. This creates a desync between inner_thoff (wrong — points to extension header start) and l4proto (correct — e.g., IPPROTO_TCP), enabling transport header forgery and potential firewall bypass. This issue affects stable versions from Linux 6.2. For comparison, the normal (non-inner) IPv6 path correctly preserves ipv6_find_hdr()'s result. Removing the incorrect overwrite ensures that ipv6_find_hdr()'s calculated transport header offset is preserved, thereby fixing the desynchronization.
CVE-2026-46174 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 8.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: x86/CPU/AMD: Prevent improper isolation of shared resources in Zen2's op cache Make sure resources are not improperly shared in the op cache and cause instruction corruption this way.
CVE-2026-46152 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 8.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mac80211: drop stray 'static' from fast-RX rx_result ieee80211_invoke_fast_rx() is documented as safe for parallel RX, but its per-invocation rx_result is declared static. Concurrent callers then share one instance and can overwrite each other's result between ieee80211_rx_mesh_data() and the switch on res. That can make a packet that was queued or consumed by ieee80211_rx_mesh_data() fall through into ieee80211_rx_8023(), or make a packet that should continue return as queued. Make res an automatic variable so each invocation keeps its own result.
CVE-2026-46150 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 7.1 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fanotify: fix false positive on permission events fsnotify_get_mark_safe() may return false for a mark on an unrelated group, which results in bypassing the permission check. Fix by skipping over detached marks that are not in the current group.
CVE-2026-46145 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 7.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/mana: Validate rx_hash_key_len Sashiko points out that rx_hash_key_len comes from a uAPI structure and is blindly passed to memcpy, allowing the userspace to trash kernel memory. Bounds check it so the memcpy cannot overflow.
CVE-2026-46124 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-10-19 7.5 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: isofs: validate block number from NFS file handle in isofs_export_iget isofs_fh_to_dentry() and isofs_fh_to_parent() pass an attacker- controlled block number (ifid->block or ifid->parent_block) from the NFS file handle to isofs_export_iget(), which only rejects block == 0 before calling isofs_iget() and ultimately sb_bread(). A crafted file handle with fh_len sufficient to pass the check added by commit 0405d4b63d08 ("isofs: Prevent the use of too small fid") can still drive the server to read any in-range block on the backing device as if it were an iso_directory_record. That earlier fix was assigned CVE-2025-37780. sb_bread() on an out-of-range block returns NULL cleanly via the EIO path, so there is no memory-safety violation. For in-range reads of adjacent-partition data on the same block device, the unrelated bytes end up in iso_inode_info fields that reach the NFS client as dentry metadata. The deployment surface (isofs exported over NFS from loop-mounted images) is narrow and requires an authenticated NFS peer, but the malformed-file-handle class is reportable as hardening next to the existing CVE-2025-37780 fix. Reject block >= ISOFS_SB(sb)->s_nzones in isofs_export_iget() so the check covers both isofs_fh_to_dentry() and isofs_fh_to_parent() call sites with a single line.